E kite ana ahau i te tere o te whanaketanga o te mākete pākahiko kawakore nā te pikinga ake o te tono mō ngā otinga hiko kawe. Ko ngā hikohiko kaihoko, pērā i ngā mana mamao me ngā taputapu ahokore, e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki ēnei pākahiko. Kua noho te oranga tonutanga hei kaupapa matua, e akiaki ana i te auahatanga i roto i ngā hoahoa hoa-taiao. Nā ngā whanaketanga hangarau inaianei ka whakarei ake i te pai o te pākahiko me te roa o te ora, ka nui ake te pono. Ka whai wāhi hoki ngā ōhanga hou ki te tipu o te mākete mā te tango i ēnei pākahiko mō ngā tono maha. E whakaatu ana tēnei nekehanga hihiri i te hiranga o te noho whakamua i roto i tēnei ahumahi whakataetae.

Ngā Whakaaro Matua

• Kei te tipu haere tonu te mākete pākahiko kawakore. E matapaetia ana ka tipu mā te 4-5% ia tau tae noa ki te tau 2025. Nā te hiahia mō ngā hikohiko kaihoko tēnei tipu.
• Kei te arotahi ngā kamupene ki te oranga tonutanga. Kei te whakamahi rātou i ngā rauemi me ngā tikanga e pai ana ki te taiao. He āwhina tēnei ki te taiao, ā, he kukume mai hoki i ngā kaihoko e aro nui ana ki te taiao.
• Nā ngā hangarau hou kua roa ake te ora o ngā pākahiko, ā, kua pai ake te mahi. He pai te mahi a ngā pākahiko kawakore o ēnei rā i roto i ngā taputapu kaha-nui. He maha ngā huarahi e whakamahia ai ēnei pākahiko.
• He mea nui te tipu haere o ngā ōhanga mō te tipu o te mākete. I te mea ka nui ake te moni whiwhi a te tangata, ka hiahia rātou ki ngā kōwhiringa pūngao utu tika, pono hoki.
• He mea nui te mahi tahi me te rangahau mō ngā whakaaro hou. Ka haumi ngā kamupene ki ēnei hei pupuri i te whakataetae i te mākete pākahiko.

Tirohanga Whānui o te Mākete Pūhiko Kawakore

Te Rahi o te Mākete o Nāianei me ngā Matapae Tipu

Kua kitea te tipu whakamiharo o te mākete pākahiko kawakore i ngā tau tata nei. Kua kite ahau kei te piki haere tonu te hiahia o te ao mō ēnei pākahiko, nā te whakamahinga whānui o ēnei pākahiko i roto i ngā taputapu hiko me ngā taputapu o te whare. E ai ki ngā pūrongo ahumahi, i eke te rahi o te mākete ki ngā taumata nui i te tau 2023, ā, e matapaetia ana ka tipu haere tonu tae noa ki te tau 2025. E matapaetia ana e ngā kaitātari he tere tipu ā-tau (CAGR) tata ki te 4-5%, e whakaata ana i te pikinga o te whakawhirinaki ki ngā otinga hiko kawe. E hangai ana tēnei tipu ki te whānui haere o te whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko kawakore i roto i ngā ōhanga e tipu haere ana, kei reira tonu te utu me te pono hei mea matua.

Ngā Kaitākaro Matua me te Whenua Whakataetae

He maha ngā kamupene rongonui e whakahaere ana i te mākete pākahiko kawakore, ā, e whai wāhi ana ia ki tōna whenua whakataetae. Ko ngā waitohu pēnei i a Duracell, Energizer, me Panasonic kua whakatū i a rātou anō hei kaiārahi mā te auahatanga me te kounga tonu. Kua kite anō ahau i te pikinga ake o ngā kaihanga pēnei i a Johnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd., e arotahi ana ki te tuku hua pono me ngā otinga pumau. He nui te haumi a ēnei kamupene ki te rangahau me te whanaketanga hei whakarei ake i te mahi pākahiko me te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o ngā kaihoko e whanake haere ana. Ka whakatairangahia e te whakataetae te auahatanga, kia mau tonu ai te hihiri me te aro ki ngā whanaketanga hangarau.

Ngā tono nui e akiaki ana i te hiahia

Nā te maha o ngā whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko kawakore, he mea nui rawa atu ēnei mō ngā momo mahi. E kite ana ahau i tō rātou whakamahinga matua i roto i ngā taputapu hiko kaihoko, tae atu ki ngā mana mamao, ngā rama, me ngā taputapu ahokore. Hei tāpiri, he mahi nui tā rātou i roto i ngā taputapu hauora, ngā taonga takaro, me ngā taputapu kawe. Nā te piki haere o te rongonui o ngā taputapu kāinga atamai kua piki ake te tono. He puna hiko utu-pai, he roa hoki te mau o ngā pākahiko kawakore, ā, he mea pai mō te whakamahinga whaiaro me te whakamahinga ngaio. Ko tō rātou kaha ki te tuku mahi pumau puta noa i ngā momo mahi e whakaatu ana i tō rātou hiranga i roto i te ao hiko o ēnei rā.

Ngā Auahatanga Matua i roto i te Mākete Pūhiko Kawakore

Te Pikinga o te Hiahia mō ngā Hikohiko Kaihoko

Kua kite ahau i te pikinga nui o te whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko kawakore i roto i ngā hikohiko kaihoko. Ko ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā papapātuhi ahokore, ngā kaiwhakahaere petipeti, me ngā mana mamao atamai e whakawhirinaki ana ki ēnei pākahiko mō te mahi pumau. Ko te rongonui haere o ngā taputapu kawe kua whakanui ake i tēnei tono. Ko te pono me te utu tika te mea nui ki ngā kaihoko, ā, ko ngā pākahiko kawakore te mea pai rawa atu. Ko tō rātou kaha ki te tuku i te putanga hiko pumau ka whakarite i te mahi tino pai mō ēnei taputapu. Ki taku whakaaro ka haere tonu tēnei ia i te whanaketanga o te hangarau, ā, he maha atu ngā whare e whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu atamai.

Te Oranga Tonu me ngā Auahatanga Taiao-Hoa

Kua noho te oranga tonutanga hei kaupapa matua i roto i te mākete pākahiko kawakore. Kei te tūhuratia e ngā kaihanga ngā rauemi me ngā tikanga whakaputa e pai ana ki te taiao hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao. Kua kite ahau i te piki haere o te nekehanga ki ngā pākahiko kore-mercury me ngā pākahiko ka taea te hangarua. E hangai ana ēnei auahatanga ki ngā mahi a te ao ki te whakatairanga i ngā otinga pūngao matomato. Ko ngā kamupene pēnei i a Johnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd. e whakanui ana i ngā mahi oranga tonutanga, me te whakarite kia tutuki ā rātou hua i ngā paerewa taiao hou. Ko tēnei whakapau kaha ki te oranga taiao ehara i te mea he painga mō te ao anake engari he mea kukume hoki ki ngā kaihoko e aro ana ki te taiao.

Ngā Whakatairanga Hangarau i roto i te Whai Hua o te Pūhiko

Kua hurihia te mahi a ngā pākahiko kawakore e ngā whanaketanga hangarau. E kite ana ahau i ngā kaihanga e haumi nui ana ki te rangahau hei whakarei ake i te kiato o te pūngao me te roa o te ora. He roa ake te ora o ngā pākahiko kawakore hou, ā, he pai ake te mahi i raro i ngā āhuatanga waikeri nui. Mā ēnei whakapainga ka pai ai mō ngā tono uaua, pērā i ngā taputapu hauora me ngā taputapu hangarau teitei. Ki taku whakaaro ko tēnei ahunga whakamua e whakaata ana i te whakapau kaha o te umanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā tumanakohanga a ngā kaihoko. Mā te whakatairanga i te whai huatanga, ka haere tonu te whanaketanga o te mākete pākahiko kawakore me te pupuri i tōna hiranga i roto i te whenua whakataetae.

Te tipu o ngā Ōhanga Hou me ngā Mākete Rohe

Kua kite ahau he mea nui te mahi a ngā ōhanga hou ki te akiaki i te tipu o te mākete pākahiko kawakore. Kei te tere haere te ahumahi me te noho tāone i ngā whenua o Āhia-Moananui-a-Kiwa, Amerika Latina, me Āwherika. Nā tēnei panonitanga kua piki ake te hiahia mō ngā otinga pūngao pono me te utu tika. Ko ngā pākahiko kawakore, e mōhiotia ana mō te whai huatanga o te utu me te roa o te mahi, kua noho hei whiringa pai i ēnei rohe.

I Āhia-Moana-nui-a-Kiwa, ko ngā whenua pēnei i a Īnia me Haina te hunga e ārahi ana i te huarahi. Nā te tipu haere o te taupori o te akomanga waenga me te pikinga o ngā moni whiwhi kua akiaki i te whakamahinga o ngā hikohiko kaihoko. Ko ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā mana mamao, ngā taonga takaro, me ngā taputapu kawe e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki ngā pākahiko kawakore. Kua kite ahau kei te whakawhānui ake hoki ngā kaihanga ā-rohe i ēnei rohe i ā rātou kaha whakaputa hei whakatutuki i te pikinga o te tono.

Kua whakaatuhia e Amerika Latina ngā au o taua wā. Kei te kite ngā whenua pēnei i a Brazil me Mexico i te pikinga ake o te whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko kawakore mō ngā mahi ā-whare me ngā mahi ahumahi. Nā te arotahi o te rohe ki te whanaketanga hanganga me ngā whanaketanga hangarau kua piki ake te mākete. Kei te whakamahi ngā kaihokohoko me ngā kaituku i ēnei rohe i te pikinga o te tono mā te tuku i te whānuitanga o ngā kōwhiringa pākahiko.

Ko Āwherika, me ōna hiahia hiko e tipu haere ana, he mākete whai hua anō hoki. He maha ngā whare i ngā wāhi tuawhenua e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā pākahiko kawakore hei whakakaha i ngā taputapu nui pēnei i ngā rama me ngā reo irirangi. Ki taku whakaaro ka piki haere tonu tēnei whakawhirinakitanga i te mea ka ahu whakamua ngā mahi hiko puta noa i te whenua.

Ka whai hua anō hoki ngā mākete ā-rohe i ngā hononga rautaki me ngā haumitanga. Kei te pai te tūnga o ngā kamupene pēnei i a Johnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd. ki te whakatutuki i ēnei mākete hou. Ko tā rātou whakapau kaha ki te kounga me ngā mahi pumau e hangai ana ki ngā hiahia o ēnei rohe. Mā te arotahi ki te utu me te pono, kua rite te mākete pākahiko kawakore mō te tipu nui i roto i ēnei ōhanga.

Ngā Wero e Pa Ana ki te Mākete Pūhiko Alkaline

Te whakataetae mai i ngā Hangarau Pūhiko Rerekē

Kua kite ahau ko te pikinga ake o ngā hangarau pākahiko rerekē he wero nui ki te mākete pākahiko kawakore. Hei tauira, ko ngā pākahiko lithium-ion te nuinga o ngā tono e hiahia ana ki ngā otinga whakahou. Nā te nui o te kaha me te hoahoa mama e pai ai mō ngā waea atamai, ngā pona, me ngā waka hiko. Ka whakataetae hoki ngā pākahiko nikara-metal hydride (NiMH) i roto i ngā wāhanga motuhake, e tuku ana i ngā kōwhiringa whakahou mō ngā taputapu o te whare. He maha ngā wā ka kukume i ēnei kōwhiringa ki ngā kaihoko e rapu ana i ngā penapena utu mō te wā roa me te whakaiti i te para. Ahakoa he kōwhiringa pono tonu ngā pākahiko kawakore mō ngā tono whakamahi kotahi, ko te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā kōwhiringa whakahou ka pā ki tā rātou wāhanga mākete.

Te Pikinga o ngā Utu o ngā Rauemi Mata

Ka pā tika te utu o ngā rauemi mata ki te hanga me te utu o ngā pākahiko kawakore. Kua kite ahau kua pāngia ngā rauemi pēnei i te konutea, te konupūmā hauhā, me te pāhare pākawa warowaihā e ngā pikinga utu nā te whakararuraru o te mekameka tuku me te pikinga o te tono o te ao. Ka hangaia e ēnei utu e piki haere ana he wero mō ngā kaihanga e whai ana ki te pupuri i te utu whakataetae me te kore e whakararu i te kounga. Me whakatere ngā kamupene i ēnei pēhanga ōhanga me te whakarite kia wātea tonu ā rātou hua ki ngā kaihoko. Kua noho hei mea nui te whakahaere rauemi whai hua me te rapu rauemi rautaki hei pupuri i te hua i roto i tēnei whenua whakataetae.

Ngā Āwangawanga Taiao me ngā Herenga Hangarua

Ko ngā āwangawanga taiao tētahi atu arai mō te umanga pākahiko kawakore. Kua kite ahau i te tipu haere o te mōhiotanga mō ngā pānga taiao o ngā pākahiko whakakorekore. Ka taea e te whakakorenga hē te arahi ki te paru o te oneone me te wai, ka ara ake ngā āwangawanga i waenga i ngā kaihoko e aro nui ana ki te taiao. Ahakoa kua kore he mercury i ngā pākahiko kawakore, he wero tonu te hangarua. He maha ngā wā he utu nui, he uaua hoki te tukanga, ka whakawhāiti i te whakamahinga whānui. Me aro atu ngā kaihanga ki ēnei take mā te haumi ki ngā mahi tauwhiro me te whakatairanga i ngā tikanga whakakorenga tika. Mā te whakaako i ngā kaihoko mō ngā kōwhiringa hangarua ka taea hoki te āwhina i te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea taiao me te whakarei ake i te ingoa o te umanga.

Ngā Huarahi i te Mākete Pūhiko Alkaline

Te Whakanuia o ngā Pūtea R&D me te Auahatanga

Ki taku titiro, ko te rangahau me te whanaketanga he pou tūāpapa mō te tipu o te mākete pākahiko kawakore. Kei te tohatoha rauemi nui ngā kamupene hei whakarei ake i te mahi a te pākahiko me te pumau. Hei tauira, nā te whanaketanga o te kiato pūngao me ngā hoahoa ātete-tauraki kua pai ake te whai hua me te pono o ngā pākahiko hou. Ki taku whakaaro ka tutuki i ēnei auahatanga te hiahia e tipu haere ana mō ngā pākahiko mahi-teitei i roto i ngā taputapu hiko kaihoko me ngā tono ahumahi. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā mahi R&D e arotahi ana ki te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao mā te whakawhanake i ngā pākahiko kore-mercury me ngā pākahiko hangarua. Ko tēnei whakapau kaha ki te auahatanga ehara i te mea ka whakapakari noa i te mākete engari ka hangai hoki ki ngā whāinga pumau o te ao.

Ngā Hononga Rautaki me ngā Mahi Tahi a te Ahumahi

Mā ngā mahi tahi a ngā kaihanga, ngā kaiwhakarato, me ngā kamupene hangarau ka waihangahia he whai wāhitanga hou i roto i te mākete pākahiko kawakore. Kua kite ahau he maha ngā wā ka arahi ngā mahi tahi ki te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau hou me ngā tukanga whakaputa kua whakatikatikaina. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te mahi tahi me ngā kaiwhakarato rauemi ki te tiki rauemi mata kounga teitei i ngā utu whakataetae. Mā ngā mahi tahi ka taea hoki e ngā kamupene te whakawhānui ake i tā rātou toronga mākete mā te whakamahi i ngā whatunga tohatoha a tētahi ki tētahi. Ki taku whakaaro ka whakatairangahia e ēnei mahi tahi he taiao wikitoria-toa, ka akiaki i te tipu me te whakarite kia noho whakataetae tonu ngā pakihi i roto i tētahi ahumahi hihiri.

Te Whanui i ngā Taupānga i ngā Rāngai Hou

Nā te maha o ngā whakamahinga o ngā pākahiko kawakore ka huaki ngā tatau ki ngā tono i roto i ngā rāngai hou. E kite ana ahau i te tipu haere o te hiahia ki te whakamahi i ēnei pākahiko mō te rokiroki pūngao hou me ngā pūnaha whatunga atamai. Nā tō rātou pono me te whai huatanga o te utu ka pai ai rātou mō ngā otinga hiko tārua i roto i ngā wāhi noho me ngā wāhi arumoni. Hei tāpiri, kei te piki haere te whakawhirinaki o te umanga hauora ki ngā pākahiko kawakore mō ngā taputapu hauora kawe. Ki taku whakaaro ka haere tonu tēnei ia i te whanaketanga o te hangarau me te puta mai o ngā whakamahinga hou. Mā te tūhura i ēnei whai wāhitanga, ka taea e te mākete pākahiko kawakore te whakawhānui ake i ana tono me te pupuri i te tipu mo te wā roa.

Kei te whanake tonu te mākete pākahiko kawakore, e akiakihia ana e ngā au matua e whakapono ana ahau ka hanga i tōna heke mai. Ko te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā hikohiko kaihoko, ngā auahatanga e aro ana ki te oranga tonutanga, me ngā whanaketanga o te whai huatanga o te pākahiko he mea nui. E whakaatu ana ēnei au i te whakapau kaha o te umanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia pūngao hou me te aro atu ki ngā āwangawanga taiao.

Ki taku titiro, ko te oranga tonutanga me te hangarau ngā pou o tēnei tipu. Kei te whakatairanga ngā kaihanga i ngā otinga hoahoa-taiao, ā, kei te haumi ki ngā rangahau hou hei whakarei ake i te mahi a te pākahiko. Mā tēnei arotahi ka noho whakataetae tonu te mākete, ā, ka rite ki ngā tumanakohanga o te ao.

Ki te titiro whakamua, e matapaetia ana ka eke te mākete pākahiko kawakore ki te tipu pumau tae noa ki te tau 2025. Ko ngā ōhanga e puta ake ana, ko ngā tono e whānui haere ana, me ngā mahi tahi rautaki ka whakatairanga pea i tēnei nekehanga. Mā te awhi i te auahatanga me te pumau, kei te pai te tūnga o te umanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā wero me ngā whai wāhitanga o te heke mai.

Ngā Pātai Auau

He aha ngā pākahiko kawakore, ā, me pēhea tā rātou mahi?

Ngā pākahiko kawakoreKa whakamahia te konutea me te konupūmā hauhā hei irahiko. Ka whakaputahia e rātou te hiko mā te tauhohenga matū i waenga i ēnei rauemi me te irahiko kawakore, ko te nuinga he pāhare pākawa waro. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka puta he pūngao ōrite, ka pono ai mō ngā momo taputapu pēnei i ngā mana mamao, ngā taonga takaro, me ngā rama.

He aha i rongonui ai ngā pākahiko kawakore i roto i ngā taputapu hiko kaihoko?

Ki taku whakaaro i ahu mai tō rātou rongonui i te utu whaitake, te roa o te wā e mau ana, me te pono o te mahi. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei pākahiko te mana pumau, he mea pai mō ngā taputapu pēnei i ngā papapātuhi ahokore, ngā kaiwhakahaere petipeti, me ngā taputapu hauora. Nā te whānui o te wātea ka nui ake te kukume i ngā kaihoko puta noa i te ao.

Me pēhea te aro atu a ngā kaihanga ki ngā āwangawanga taiao mā te whakamahi i ngā pākahiko kawakore?

Ko te arotahi o ngā kaihanga inaianei ko ngā hoahoa kore-mercury me ngā rauemi hangarua. Ko ngā kamupene pēnei i a Johnson New Eletek Battery Co., Ltd. e whakatairanga ana i ngā mahi tauwhiro, me te whakarite kia tutuki ā rātou hua i ngā paerewa taiao hou. Mā te whakaako i ngā kaihoko mō ngā kōwhiringa tika mō te whakakore me te hangarua ka āwhina hoki ki te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea taiao.

He pai ngā pākahiko kawakore mō ngā taputapu he nui te mimiti wai?

Ae, he pai te mahi a ngā pākahiko kawakore hou i raro i ngā āhuatanga mimiti nui. Nā ngā whanaketanga hangarau kua pai ake te matotoru o te pūngao me te roa o te ora. Nā tēnei ka pai mō ngā tono uaua, tae atu ki ngā taputapu hauora me ngā taputapu hangarau teitei, e hiahiatia ana te hiko pumau me te pono.

He aha te tūranga o ngā ōhanga hou i roto i te mākete pākahiko kawakore?

Ko ngā ōhanga hou e akiaki ana i te tipu nui nā te pikinga ake o te ahumahi me te noho tāone. E kite ana ngā whenua pēnei i a Īnia, Haina, me Brazil i te pikinga ake o te tono mō ngā otinga hiko utu tika me te pono. E tutuki ana ēnei hiahia i ngā pākahiko kawakore, ā, he mea pai ake ēnei i ēnei rohe mō ngā tono whare me ngā tono ahumahi.